ESC (Electronic Speed Controller)
Controls brushless motors used in drones, RC vehicles, and robotics projects.
Overview
An Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) converts a PWM throttle signal from your Arduino into the 3-phase AC power needed to drive brushless motors. ESCs are essential for drones, RC cars, boats, and any project using brushless motors.
Before first use, you must calibrate the ESC so it knows the minimum and maximum throttle range. ArduinoStudio handles this through the calibration sequence.
Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage | 7.4 – 11.1V (2–3S LiPo) |
| Signal Type | Standard PWM (1000–2000µs) |
| BEC Output | 5V (varies by model) |
| Refresh Rate | 50Hz (standard) or up to 400Hz |
Wiring Guide
| ESC Wire | Connection |
|---|---|
| Signal (white/yellow) | Arduino PWM pin |
| Red (BEC 5V) | 5V output (or leave disconnected if using external power) |
| Black (GND) | Arduino GND |
| Power leads | LiPo battery (NOT Arduino) |
| Motor leads (3 wires) | Brushless motor (any order — swap 2 to reverse) |
Important Safety Notes
- Never power the ESC from the Arduino 5V pin — always use a LiPo battery
- Remove propellers during calibration and testing
- Start with minimum throttle and increase slowly
- Ensure the ESC amperage rating exceeds your motor's requirements
Usage in ArduinoStudio
Drag the ESC component onto the canvas and assign a PWM pin. Set the throttle value (0–100%) using the speed slider or sequence actions. The ESC treats the signal like a servo — 1000µs is minimum throttle, 2000µs is maximum.